Cloud infrastructure broken in production.Fixed this session.

PM assigned in 10 minutes, cloud architect begins diagnosis within the hour. Security group misconfigurations causing outages are typically: an inbound rule missing on port 443 or 80 after a security audit tightened rules, an outbound rule blocking NAT Gateway traffic from private subnets, an EC2 instance moved to a new security group during a routine change that lacks the required RDS or ElastiCache inbound rule, or a Network ACL with a deny rule taking precedence over the security group allow. The engineer uses VPC Flow Logs (if enabled) to trace rejected packets, checks Security Group rules against the target port and source CIDR, and restores connectivity with minimal blast radius. Flow Log enablement is added if missing so future diagnosis is faster.

GCP billing spikes are diagnosed using the Billing Reports cost breakdown by SKU and project, combined with Cloud Monitoring to identify which resource type and time window drove the increase. Common causes: a Dataflow or Dataproc job left running indefinitely without a timeout, a Compute Engine instance family changed to a GPU or high-memory machine type during an experiment and never reverted, a BigQuery export job writing to a Standard storage bucket without lifecycle rules causing runaway storage growth, or a Cloud Run service autoscaling to maximum instances on a traffic spike without a max-instances cap. The engineer sets up budget alerts with a threshold action, applies committed use discounts where eligible, and implements resource labels for cost attribution so future anomalies surface immediately.

Azure VNET connectivity failures after migration are caused by: VNET peering not re-established after resources were moved to a new resource group or subscription (peering is resource-scoped and does not follow the resource), NSG rules on the destination subnet blocking the source service CIDR that was valid in the old environment, a private endpoint DNS zone not linked to the new VNET so private DNS resolution fails and traffic routes to the public endpoint instead, or a UDR (User Defined Route) on the new subnet sending traffic to the old firewall NVA address that no longer exists. The engineer uses the Azure Network Watcher Next Hop and IP Flow Verify tools to trace the exact routing path, then corrects the peering, NSG, or DNS zone association.

S3 bucket policy blocking reads is diagnosed using the AWS S3 Server Access Log or CloudTrail S3 data events to identify the exact GetObject requests returning 403 AccessDenied. The engineer checks: whether the bucket policy has an explicit Deny that overrides an IAM allow (Deny always wins in AWS evaluation logic), whether a new condition key was added (aws:SourceVpc or aws:SourceIp) that does not match the caller, whether the bucket's Block Public Access settings were changed to block ACL-based public reads your service was relying on, or whether the S3 Object Ownership setting changed from Bucket Owner Preferred to Bucket Owner Enforced, removing ACL grants. The fix is applied to the bucket policy with least-privilege principles and tested with a targeted aws s3api get-object call before declaring resolution.

Every QuickHire cloud architect passes: a live incident simulation involving a misconfigured AWS security group causing an ECS service outage and a GCP billing anomaly investigation, a written assessment covering multi-cloud networking (VPC peering, Transit Gateway, VNET peering, Shared VPC), IAM models on AWS, GCP, and Azure (role vs policy vs permission boundary differences), cost optimization strategies (Reserved Instances, Savings Plans, Committed Use, Spot/Preemptible), and infrastructure-as-code (Terraform, CDK, Pulumi), plus a portfolio review of production multi-cloud architectures. Only the top 3% pass. PM matches architects to your primary cloud provider, region, and compliance framework (SOC 2, HIPAA, PCI-DSS, ISO 27001).

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